Lesson 53 · Seasons & Situations

Introduction

춥다 and 덥다 describe weather or how a person feels. A cold object is usually 차갑다; a hot object is usually 뜨겁다.

New words are tagged Focus, and words you’ve already met are tagged Review. Use the romanization only when you get stuck; the Hangul shows the real sound.

Today’s Vocabulary

봄 · Focus

bom · spring

N · A season.

봄에는 꽃이 많아요.

bomeneun kkochi manayo

There are many flowers in spring.

여름 · Focus

yeoreum · summer

N · Pair with 덥다.

여름에는 더워요.

yeoreumeneun deowoyo

It is hot in summer.

가을 · Focus

gaeul · autumn; fall

N · Season names can take 에.

가을에 여행해요.

gaeure yeohaenghaeyo

I travel in autumn.

겨울 · Focus

gyeoul · winter

N · Pair with 춥다.

겨울에는 추워요.

gyeoureneun chuwoyo

It is cold in winter.

춥다 · Review

chupda · to be cold

For weather or feeling cold. A cold drink is usually 차가워요.

오늘은 추워요.

oneureun chuwoyo

It is cold today.

덥다 · Review

deopda · to be hot

여름 = summer. For weather or feeling hot, not hot-to-touch food.

여름은 더워요.

yeoreumeun deowoyo

Summer is hot.

따뜻하다 · Focus

ttatteutada · be warm

A · For weather, objects, or a warm feeling.

차가 따뜻해요.

chaga ttatteutaeyo

The tea is warm.

시원하다 · Focus

siwonhada · be cool; refreshing

A · Pleasantly cool/refreshing; 시원한 is its noun-modifying form.

바람이 시원해요.

barami siwonhaeyo

The wind is refreshingly cool.

비 · Review

bi · rain

N · 비가 오다 = rain falls.

비가 와요.

biga wayo

It is raining.

눈 · Review

nun · snow

N · This is snow, not eye.

눈이 와요.

nuni wayo

It is snowing.

우산 · Focus

usan · umbrella

N · 우산을 쓰다 = use an umbrella.

우산을 가져가요.

usaneul gajyeogayo

I take an umbrella.

바쁘다 · Review

bappeuda · to be busy

A describes a state. The preceding 아 helps you remember 바빠요.

오늘은 바빠요.

oneureun bappayo

I am busy today.

Useful Phrases / Make Sentences

Here are a few sentences you can use right away. Read them aloud, then try changing one word to make your own sentence!

겨울에는 너무 추워요.

gyeoureneun neomu chuwoyo

It’s very cold in winter.

여름에는 시원한 물을 마셔요.

yeoreumeneun siwonhan mureul masyeoyo

In summer, I drink cool water.

봄에는 날씨가 따뜻해요.

bomeneun nalssiga ttatteutaeyo

The weather is warm in spring.

비가 와요. 우산을 가져가요.

biga wayo. usaneul gajyeogayo

It’s raining. Take an umbrella.

Mini Practice

1. Choose the meaning of 봄: A. summer / B. spring.
2. Which word means “autumn; fall”: 가을 / 겨울?
3. Match 1. 춥다, 2. 덥다, 3. 따뜻하다 with A. be warm, B. to be cold, C. to be hot.
4. Write the Korean dictionary word or phrase for “be cool; refreshing.”
5. Put these chunks in a natural order: 와요. / 눈이.
6. Write one short sentence using 바쁘다.

Today’s Key Point

Today’s new words: 봄, 여름, 가을, 겨울, 따뜻하다, 시원하다, 우산. Try a few of them in one sentence, like 겨울에는 너무 추워요. — then make one about your own day!