Lesson 34 · Classroom Actions & Directions

Introduction

Learn action-object pairs: open a book, write a name, and read a sentence. Here, 쓰다 means “to write” — the same verb can also mean “to use” or “to wear (a hat).”

Focus = new today. Review = from an earlier lesson. Read the Hangul out loud first, then check the romanization if you need help.

Today’s Vocabulary

펴다 · Focus

pyeoda · open; spread out

V · 책을 펴다 = open a book.

책을 펴요.

chaegeul pyeoyo

I open a book.

덮다 · Focus

deopda · close; cover

V · 책을 덮다 = close a book.

책을 덮어요.

chaegeul deopeoyo

I close the book.

읽다 · Review

ikda · to read

Review. Notice the pronunciation changes between 읽다 and 읽어요.

책을 읽어요.

chaegeul ilgeoyo

I read a book.

쓰다 · Review

sseuda · to write

Review: the writing meaning. 쓰다 can also mean use or wear; today focus on writing.

이름을 써요.

ireumeul sseoyo

I write my name.

듣다 · Review

deutda · to listen; to hear

Review from activities: 듣다 changes to 들어요 before 어요.

음악을 들어요.

eumageul deureoyo

I listen to music.

말하다 · Focus

malhada · speak; say

V · Language + 로 specifies the language.

한국어로 말해요.

hangugeoro malhaeyo

I speak in Korean.

앉다 · Focus

antda · sit down

V · 앉아요; a seat/location takes 에.

의자에 앉아요.

uija-e anjayo

I sit on a chair.

일어서다 · Focus

ireoseoda · stand up

V · Rise from a seated position.

자리에서 일어서요.

jarieseo ireoseoyo

I stand up from my seat.

오른쪽 · Review

oreunjjok · right-hand side

N · Direction: 오른쪽으로.

오른쪽으로 가요.

oreunjjogeuro gayo

I go to the right.

왼쪽 · Review

oenjjok · left-hand side

N · Direction: 왼쪽으로.

왼쪽으로 가요.

oenjjogeuro gayo

I go to the left.

똑바로 · Focus

ttokbaro · straight; upright; properly

Adverb · Direction or correct manner.

똑바로 걸어요.

ttokbaro georeoyo

I walk straight.

천천히 · Focus

cheoncheonhi · slowly

Adverb · Describes pace.

천천히 읽어요.

cheoncheonhi ilgeoyo

I read slowly.

Useful Phrases / Make Sentences

Here are a few sentences you can use right away. Read them aloud, then try changing one word to make your own sentence!

책을 펴요.

chaegeul pyeoyo

I open my book.

천천히 읽고 써요.

cheoncheonhi ilgo sseoyo

I read and write slowly.

선생님 말을 잘 들어요.

seonsaengnim mareul jal deureoyo

I listen carefully to the teacher.

왼쪽 자리에 앉아요.

oenjjok jarie anjayo

I sit in the seat on the left.

Mini Practice

1. Choose the meaning of 펴다: A. close; cover / B. open; spread out.
2. Which word means “to read”: 읽다 / 쓰다?
3. Match 1. 듣다, 2. 말하다, 3. 앉다 with A. sit down, B. to listen; to hear, C. speak; say.
4. Write the Korean dictionary word or phrase for “stand up.”
5. Put these chunks in a natural order: 가요. / 왼쪽으로.
6. Write one short sentence using 천천히.

Today’s Key Point

Today’s new words: 펴다, 덮다, 말하다, 앉다, 일어서다, 똑바로, 천천히. Try a few of them in one sentence, like 책을 펴요. — then make one about your own day!